Class 6 Geography Chapter 2 – Globe: Latitudes & Longitudes Notes | NCERT & JKBOSE
Globe – Latitudes & Longitudes is the second chapter of Class 6 Geography. This chapter explains how the Earth is divided and located using imaginary lines. These notes are prepared for NCERT and JKBOSE students in simple language for revision and exams.
🌍 Globe
- A globe is a spherical 3D model of the Earth.
- It shows correct size of continents, oceans and countries.
- It rotates on an imaginary line called the axis.
- The two end points are North Pole and South Pole.
🌍 Equator
- An imaginary circular line.
- Represents 0° latitude.
- Divides Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
➖ Parallels of Latitudes
- Imaginary lines running east–west.
- Measured in degrees (°).
- Range: 0° to 90° North and South.
🌞 Important Parallels
- Equator – 0°
- Tropic of Cancer – 23½° North
- Tropic of Capricorn – 23½° South
- Arctic Circle – 66½° North
- Antarctic Circle – 66½° South
🌡️ Heat Zones
- Torrid Zone – Hottest region (between Tropics).
- Temperate Zone – Moderate climate.
- Frigid Zone – Extremely cold (near Poles).
➖ Longitudes (Meridians)
- Imaginary lines running north–south.
- Measured from 0° to 180° East and West.
- Total longitudes: 360.
🕒 Prime Meridian
The Prime Meridian is 0° longitude and passes through the Royal Observatory, Greenwich. It divides the Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
⏰ Standard Time
- Earth rotates 360° in 24 hours.
- 1° longitude = 4 minutes.
- 15° longitude = 1 hour.
🇮🇳 Indian Standard Time (IST)
Based on 82½° East longitude, passing near Mirzapur.
🎓 Exam Tip
Remember: The Equator is at 0° latitude and divides the Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
⭐ Important Facts for Exams
- Earth’s true shape is Geoid.
- Latitudes are called Parallels.
- Longitudes are called Meridians.
- Total longitudes = 360.
- 1° longitude = 4 minutes.
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🌍 FAQs
What is a Globe?
A miniature model of the Earth.
What are Latitudes?
Imaginary lines parallel to the Equator measuring north–south distance.
What is the Equator?
0° latitude dividing Earth into two hemispheres.
What are Heat Zones?
Torrid, Temperate and Frigid zones.
Why are Longitudes important?
They help calculate time and determine Standard Time.
📝 Important MCQs
- The true shape of the Earth is Geoid.
- The Equator is at 0°.
- Tropic of Cancer lies at 23½° North.
- Prime Meridian passes through Royal Observatory, Greenwich.
- 1° longitude equals 4 minutes.
Related Chapters
- Class 6 Geography Chapter 1 – Earth in the Solar System
BrightEzy provides easy-to-memorize NCERT Solutions for Class 6, JKBOSE Class 6 notes, and important questions for exams to help students score better.
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