Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Human Resources –Key Points

 

Key Points – Human Resources (Class 8 Geography Chapter 5)

• Human resources are the people of a country who contribute to development through their skills, knowledge, and labour.

• People are considered a resource because they utilize natural resources and turn them into useful products.

• Population distribution refers to the way people are spread across a given area.

• Population distribution is influenced by geographical factors (topography, climate, soil, water, minerals) and social, cultural, and economic factors.

• Uneven distribution occurs due to extreme climates, rough terrain, infertile land, or lack of resources.

• Population growth has increased rapidly due to improved healthcare, better food production, and reduced death rates.

• Factors influencing population change include:

• Birth rate – number of births per 1,000 people

• Death rate – number of deaths per 1,000 people

• Migration – movement of people into or out of a region

• Population composition describes the structure of a population, including age, sex, education, occupation, income, and health.

• Population pyramids (age-sex pyramids) show the age and sex distribution of a population and help in analyzing dependents and growth patterns.

• A broad-based pyramid indicates high birth and death rates, while a narrower base indicates low birth and death rates.

• Human resources play a key role in economic development, social progress, and the efficient utilization of natural resources.