Major Landforms of the Earth – Key Points | Class 6 Geography Chapter 6 (JKBOSE/NCERT)

Major Landforms of the Earth is an important chapter in Class 6 Geography that explains the main physical features of our planet—mountains, plateaus, and plains. These landforms shape the Earth’s surface and influence climate, vegetation, human settlement, and economic activities.

In this post, you will find important key points for JKBOSE/NCERT Chapter 6, written in simple language for quick understanding and easy memorization. These notes are perfect for revision, exams, and concept clarity. Students can read the notes online or download free quality content to make learning Geography simple, effective, and interesting.

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Key Points – Major Landforms of the Earth

Introduction

The Earth’s surface is not the same everywhere. It has different physical features known as landforms.

The three major landforms are:

• Mountains
• Plateaus
• Plains

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1. Mountains

Mountains are very high land areas that rise steeply above the surrounding land.

Formation

Mountains are mainly formed due to movements inside the Earth, such as:

• Folding
• Faulting
• Volcanic activity

Types of Mountains

There are three main types of mountains:

• Fold Mountains – Example: Himalayas
• Block Mountains
• Volcanic Mountains

Importance of Mountains

Mountains are important because:

• They are sources of rivers.
• They contain forests and rich biodiversity.
• They support tourism and adventure activities like trekking and skiing.

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2. Plateaus

Plateaus are flat-topped elevated land areas.
They are also known as Tablelands.

Features of Plateaus

• Rich in minerals such as coal, iron, and gold.
• Important regions for mining activities.

Example

Deccan Plateau in India.

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3. Plains

Plains are large flat and low-lying areas of land.

Formation

Most plains are formed by deposition of materials carried by rivers such as silt, sand, and clay.

Importance of Plains

• Soil is very fertile.
• Suitable for agriculture.
• Easy to build roads, houses, and transport networks.
• Therefore, plains are densely populated.

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Importance of Landforms

Landforms play an important role in shaping life on Earth:

• They influence climate and vegetation.
• They affect human settlements and occupations.
• They provide natural resources such as minerals, forests, and water.

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Conclusion

Mountains, plateaus, and plains are the three major landforms of the Earth. Each landform has unique features and plays an important role in human life, agriculture, and economic development.

Understanding these landforms helps students learn how the Earth’s surface supports different types of environments and human activities.